Reversing-gear for multiple-cylinder combustion-engines.



J VOLLM'BR. REVERSING GEAR FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APBLIOATION FILED FEB. 21, 1911.

' Patnted Oct. 29,1912

4 SHEETS- 81F531 1.

J. VOLLMER.

REVERSING GEAR FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1911.

1,042,989., Patented 01112111912 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2, 2,5

'J. VOLLMER.

BEVERSING GEAR FOR MULTIPLE GYLI'N'DER GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLIOAILQN FILED FEB. 21, 1911. 1,043,989, Patented 001;. 29, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. VOLLMER.

REYERSING GEAR FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1911.

1,04c2,989. Patented foot. 29, 1912.

4 SHEETE-5HBET 4.

w a a "M Q M Mww UNITED 3372111551 ifllil lllnllili PATENT onrrcn.

JOSEPH VOLLMER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 29,1912.

Application filed February 21, 1911. Serial No. 609,877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH VOLLMER, subject of the German Emperor, residing at 1 Prinz Louis Ferdinand street, Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reversing-Gear for :Multiple Cylinder lombustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a reversing gear for two cycle or four cycle combustion engines, particularly for marine purposes. I v

The object of the present invention is to allow of performing all operations necessary for maneuvering a vessel the same as with a steam engine by simply a controlling wheel and a lever being operated.

The reversing gears for combustion engines hitherto known are in consequence of the displaceable cam shafts, the several cam shafts, several controlling levers for one valve and the like, particularly with multi ple cylinder engines, of a generally complicated design and the operation of several elements for reversing the engine is required.

Cont 'ary to such design, the present invention allows of positively controlling any number of valves both to ahead or astcrn motion of the engine and in a very simple manner by the arrangen'ient that cams pivotally arranged within recesses in the cam shaft can he moved separately outof such recesses in the can] shaft and into the range of the rollers on the valve gears, while al other cams not in operation, remain sunk within the cam shaft. This moving out of the cam operative at the-moment is effected, contrary to the hitherto known types of pivoted controlling rods within the hollow cam shafts by axial displacement of the cam controlling rod arranged within the hollow cam shaft, thus by an axial-thrust cam -gear (Iteuleaux). This renders the gear independent of the diameter of the controlling rod, so that the various requirements for the operation of the controlling elements can be met with by suitably dimensioning the thrust cams and the lost motion.

In the accompanying drawing the reversing gear according to the present invention is -xemplilicd in two constructional forms.

1 l iguro l is a longitudinal section through the reversing gear of a two cycle combustion engine. Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the operation of the cams 8, 16, and 9, 17

by the spindle 12.. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. F1 2 3 is a transverse section through the cylinder and the reversing gear according to Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is a transverse section through the cam shaft on an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the head of a cylinder and the reversing gear of a four cycle combustion engene. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the reversing gear and cylinder of the four cycle combustion engine according to Fig. 5.

I shall first describe the reversing gear according to Figs. 1 to 1 for a two cycle combustion engine: In the combustion chamher 2 of the engine cylinder 1 open the fuel intake valve 1 Fig. 3 and a compressed air valve 5 Figs, 2 and These two valves are controlled from a cam shaft 3 by means of cams, rollers and levers 6 and 7 Figs. 2 and 3. The cams S and 9 are pivoted to pins 10 to be capable of swinging at right angles to the cam shaft, in such a manner, that the cam surfaces can be turned from their normal position into corresponding recesscs 14: in the cam shaft and therewith out of the range of the lever rollers 28. The cams 9 and 17 at the right hand are so arranged that during the rotation of the shaft- 3 they will come into contact with the roller 28 carried by the right hand end of the angular-lever 7. Such turning of'thcse pivotcd cams is effected by the axial displacement of a cam controlling rod 12 arranged within the bore of the cam shaft and provided with thrust-cam recesses 11. The cam opposite to such a recess is held in its innerinost. position by means of springs 13 or the like, while the am is moved outward into operative position up to the stop 27, Fig. 4, that is, into the range of the lever roller, by the said cam being raised by the axial thrust cam when the cam controlling rod is (llS]')ltlC(!(l. The cam controlling rod 12 is preferably made in form of a cylindrical spindle fitting into the bore of the hollow cam shaft and having suitable recesses 11 milled into its body, longitudinal keys 15 or the like being provided to prevent a l'OttltiJl] with relation to the cam shaft. While the cams 8 serve to operate the fuel intake valve 4 only du ing the ahead motion of the engine, dams 9 are intended to start the engine ahead by means of compressed air. The reversing of the engine, however, necessitates, that the astern cams are of a shape symmetrical to' that of the ahead and astern cams, corresponding to other and operating on separate roller levers.

, For bringing the engine from rest to the able controlling wheel is turned to the right,

i 21 attached to the screw socket indicate on ed by moving the index from/ the position ahead camswith-regard to the radius of the'cam shaft 3 drawn through the point which at the moment. when the respective piston occupies its inner dead center-position registers with the controlling parts, to wit, the rollers 28 and the levers 6 which cams allows of an easy arrangement of the symmetrically placedastern cams .16, 17 by each' astern cam being given the same flll-z crum with its corresponding ahead cam and its being operated by the cam controlling rod 12in such manner, that either both cams are out oft-operation or only one of themprojects beyond the cam shaft. The

each other may eitherbe arranged close to each other and actingalternately on the same roller or axially separated from each full ahead speed, the axiallynotdisplace- Whereupon the screw socket 19, havinga single ordouble thread will draw the cam controlling rod 12 toward outside. Indices a dial the respective positions of the rod 12. \Vhen the engine has been started ahead with compressed air, afurther turnof the controlling wheel 18 to the right will by withdrawing the rod 12 cutoff the compressed air. The ahead cams for compressed air 9 of all cylinders return into the recesses 11 of the rod 12, whereupon the full parts 22 of the rod 12 will turn out the ahead fuel intake cams 8 and the engine will be run in the ordinary manner with fuel. Atthe same time the index 21 will have been moved to the position Fuel ahead. The engine is stopped by simply turning the con:- trolling wheel back to the zero position of index 21'. For 'reversing the engine, the same operations are gone through but in the opposite direction with regard to the zero position of the index 21, by the controlling wheel being turned to the left and the index being moved first to the position Compressed air astern. andfurther on to the position Fuel astern. A direct reversing say from astern to ahead is effect- Fuel astern via the positions Com-- pressed air astern and Zero -to the position Compressed aii" ahead, by turning the wheel to the rightfthe counter-air having a braking effect on the piston until the engine is reversed. Then the index 21 is adjusted to the position Fuel ahead, whereupon the engine will run in the normal manner. As during the passage of the index over the position Compressed air astern the latter will be of no avail forthe reversing operation provision inay be "erate the compressed air valves.

made to admit the compressed air by hand through an intermediate valve in the compressed air supply pipe into thc'cylinder, when the respective compressed air cams, adjusted by the cam controlling rod, op- For reversing the engine from ahead to astern the wheel 18 is operated in the opposite sense.

.For avoiding injurious ignitions during the compressed air-periods and for safely stopping the engine, the fuel supply of the fuel pump must be cut off in due time before the engine'is adjusted over the compressed air positions; This may be obtained as shown in Fig. 1, during the axial displacement of the controlling rod and the long travel by means of a cam 33 fitted to the screw socket 19, which cam 33 will participate in the dis- /pla'cement of the rod 12 and in its two terminal posit-ions operate rollers 34, therebycutting out the fuel supply in'kuown manner by means of rods 35. Besides the fuel lntake valve and the compressed air valve 'e'ach cylinder'of the two cycle combustion engine may be provided with a scavenging air valve, by which the entrance of the scavenging air, compressed either in the crank case, a special 0.11 pump or a rotary blower, is controlled. The cam for operating this valve may also be pivoted in' the cam shaft in the samev manner as the other cams.

The four cycle combustion engine shown in Figs. 5, 6 has similar devices for the fuel supply and reversing as the hereinbefore described two cycle engine. Besides these there is a mechanicallyoperated admission valve 38 and exhaust valve 39. The valves may all be operated either from one cam controlling rod in a cam shaft or be distributed. over several such cam shafts and rods.

I claim:

1. Reversing gear for'inultiple cylinder combustion engines consisting of a-hollow cam shaft, recesses in said cam shaft, in said recesses cams pivoted so as to swivel in a plane at right angles to the axis of the cam shaft, in said hollow cam shaft a cam .controlling rod axially displaccable, means for preventing the rotation of said rod in the cam shaft, said'cam controlling rod havin axial thrust cams adapted to operate sai swiveling cams and "projecting them from their recesses in the cam shaft into the range of the valve lever rollers and returning them into said recesses.

'2. Reversing gear for multiple cylinder combustion engines consistingof a hollow: cam shaft, recesses in said cam shaft, in said recesses cams pivoted so as to swivel in a plane at right an les to the axis of the, cam shaft, in said hol ow' camshaft a cam controlling rod axially displaceable, means for preventing the rotation of said rod in the team shaft, said cam controlling rod having erated together by said rod, one of the two cams being turned into the range of the valve lever roller. a

3. Reversing gear for multiple cylinder combustion engme's, consisting .of hollow cam shafts, recesses in each of said cam shafts, in said recesses cams pivoted so as to swivel in a plane at right angles to the axis of the cam shaft, in each of said hollow cam shafts a cam controlling rod axially displaceable, means for preventing the rotation of said rod in the cam shaft, each of said cam controlling rods having axial thrust cams adapted to operate said swiveling cams and projecting them from their 'recessesin the cam shaft into the range of the valve lever rollers and returning them into said recesses, the ahead.and the respective astern cam being formed in one piece and representing a'twin cam and operated together by said red, one of the two cams being turned into the range of the valve lever roller, the cam shafts of a four cycle engine being coupled so as to be independent of each other with regard to their axial displacement.

4. Reversmg gear combustion engines consisting of a hollow camshaft, recesses in said cam shaft, in said recesses cams pivoted so as to swivel inla 4'0 .trolling rod axially displaceable, means for plane at right angles to the axis of the' cam shaft, in sald hollow cam shaft a cam oonpreventing the rotation of said rod in the cam shaft, said cam controlling rod having axial thrust cams adapted to operate said swiveling cams and projecting them from for multiple cylinder- .lever roller, the two controlling rods ofa four cycle engine, moving in two cam shafts, axially displaced by rotatable screw sockets, a gear couphng between said screw sockcts, a hand wheel on one socket operating this socket and by the gear coupling also the other socket, an index arrangement indicating the-respective positions of the rod.

'5. Reversing gear for multiple cylinder combustion engines consisting of a hollow cam shaft, recesses in said cam shaft, in said recesses cams pivoted so as to swivel in a plane at right angles to the axis of the cam shaft, in said'hollow cam shaft a cam con trolling rod axially, displaceable, means for preventing the rotation of said rod in the cam shaft, said cam controlling rod having axial. thrust cams adapted to operate said swiveling cams and projecting them from their recesses in the cam shaft into the range of the valve lever rollers and returning them into said recesses, said axial thrust cam gears havinga certain play, adapted to delay the admission of the fuel from the fuel in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH VOLLMER.

Witnesses: HENRY I-Iasrnn,

WVOLDEMAR HAUr'r. 

